ABSTRACT
Polioencefalomalacia (PEM) de ruminantes é uma doença complexa. O termo indica um diagnóstico morfológico em que necrose neuronal grave resulta em amolecimento da substância cinzenta do cérebro. Interpretada no início como uma doença única, causada por deficiência de tiamina, acredita-se hoje que várias causas e diferentes mecanismos patogênicos, ou um único mecanismo patogênico disparado por diferentes agentes, sejam responsáveis pelo aparecimento da doença. Neste artigo, as possíveis causas e a patogênese de PEM em ruminantes são criticamente revisadas e discutidas. Também são revisadas a epidemiologia, os sinais clínicos, os achados macro e microscópicos e os métodos de diagnóstico, tratamento e controle.
Polioencephalomalacia (PEM) of ruminants is a complex disease. The term indicates a morphological diagnosis where severe neuronal necrosis results in softening of cerebral grey matter. Initially though as a single disease caused by thiamine deficiency, PEM is currently believe to have several causes and different pathogenic mechanisms or a single pathogenic organism triggered by different agents are responsible for the disease. In this paper the possible causes and pathogenesis of PEM in ruminants are critically reviewed and discussed. Also are reviewed the epidemiology, clinical signs, gross and histological findings, methods of diagnosis, treatment and control.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Nervous System Diseases/veterinary , Cattle Diseases/etiology , Necrosis/pathology , Periaqueductal Gray/anatomy & histology , Periaqueductal Gray/pathology , Cattle Diseases/diagnosis , Cattle Diseases/epidemiology , Neurophysiology/methods , RuminantsABSTRACT
A rare case of periaqueductal glioma with an unusual radiological picture is presented. A forty-five year old male presented with progressive bilateral third and eighth nerve paresis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a diffuse periaqueductal tumour with sparing of aqueduct and no hydrocephalus. MRI is a useful adjunct in such a situation for contemplating appropriate modality of treatment.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Glioma/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Periaqueductal Gray/pathologyABSTRACT
Hombre de 55 años que empezó con fatiga, alteraciones de su comportamiento y pérdida de memoria. En seguida, la familia notó ataxia, movimientos coreoatetósicos y espasticidad. La demencia se vilvió evidente en seis meses y a los 14 meses, el paciente estaba encamado, caquéctico y totalmente dependiente de su familia. El paciente fué sometido a una tomografia axial computada, que fué normal. Se realizó biopsia cerabral